Preface

The Intel Embedded Controllers: 80186, 80188, and 80386EX

© 1998 by Barry B. Brey

The Intel embedded microprocessors are widely used in many areas of electronics, communications, and control systems. This is a texbook for the student who needs a thorough knowledge of programming and interfacing of the Intel family of embedded microprocessors; it also serves as a practical reference manual for assembly language programmers.

ORGANIZATION AND COVERAGE

Each chapter of this book begins with a set of objectives that briefly define the contents of the chapter. The body of the chapter includes many programming examples that illustrate the main topics of the chapter. At the end of each chpater is a summary that doubles as a review and study guide. Finally, there are many questions and problems to promote practice with the concepts presented in the chapter.

The many example programs provide practice in programming the Intel family of embedded microprocessors. The Microsoft macro assember program (MASM) is used to develop each program and give you experience uding industry-standard assembly language program. [MASM is available for free from Microsoft in any of the driver development kits that are free for the downloading]. Operating of this programming environment includes the linker, library, macros, DOS functions, and BOIS functions. The 80386EX may be used in an enviroment that includes DOS, BIOS, and Windows CE on a read-only memory.

Also provided is a thorough description of all embedded family members, memory systems, and various I/O systems that include: disk memory, ADC, DAC, 16550 UART, PIAs, timers, keyboard/displays, arithmetic coprocessors, and video displays. The personal computer system is discussed, which is used as a launching platform for many embedded designs. Through these systems, you will learn a practical approach to embedded mciroprocessor interfacing.

APPROACH

Because the Intel family of embedded microprocessors is quite diverse and will eventaully include a Pentium-like member, this text initially concentrates on real-time programming, whch is compatible with all versions of the Intel family of microprocessors. Instructions for each family members (80186, 80188, and 80386EX) as well as the 80486 through the Pentium Pro are compared and contrasted with the embedded family members. This entire series of microprocessors amd embedded controllers is very similar, which allows you to learn more advanced versions once you understand the basic 80186/80188.

In addition to fully explaining the the programming and operation of the microprocessor, this text also explains the programming and operation of the numeric coprocessor. The numeric coprocessor provides access to real number calculations that are important in applications such as control systems, video graphics, and computer-aided design (CAD). The numerc coprocessor allows a program to access complex arithmetic operations that are otherwise difficult to achieve with the integer instruction set of the embedded microprocessor.

Through this appraoch, you will gain a practical background in the operation of the microprocessor and programming with the advanced family members, along with interfacing all embedded familyu members. After studying this tetxbook you should be able to:

  1. Develop software to control an application interfaced to the 80186, 80188 and 80386EX embedded mciroprocessor. These same techiques apply to the 80486, Pentium, et.al. microprocessor. This software includes DOS-based applications so the personnal computer can be used for development.
  2. Program using DOS function calls to control the keyboard, video display, and disk memory in assembly langauge.
  3. Use the BIOS functions to control the keyboard, display, and various other components in the computer system.
  4. Develop software that uses macro sequences, procedures, conditional assembly, and flow control directives to the assembler.
  5. Develop software that uses interrupt hooks and hot-keys to gain access to terminate and stay resident software.
  6. Program the numeric coprocessor to solve complex equations.
  7. Explain the differences between embedded family members and highlight the features of each member.
  8. Describe and use real- (80186,80188) and protected-mode operation of the 80386EX embedded microprocessors.
  9. Interface memory and I/O to the embedded microprocessor.
  10. Provide a detailed and comprehensive comparison of all family members and their software and hardware differences.
  11. Explain the operation of disk and video systems.

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